Pimpinella anisum essential oil (EO) residuals and its biotic possessions were deliberated. EO was identified using UPLC MS/MS analysis. Inhibitory effect of oil and its preparations were studied using disc-diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tests, and using corn oil and Streptomycin as controls. Tolerant ability of EO treated Hep G2 cells was appraised using MMT assess, and 0…
Surfactants are amphipathic molecules which reduce surface tension, widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. The current study aimed to isolate Streptomyces species from Egyptian arid soil, efficient in biosurfactant production. Fifty isolates of Streptomyces were obtained from arid soil in Egypt. Primary screening, using lipase, drop collapse, parafilm M and haemolysis test…
The structure and development of successive cambia and its products were studied in the stems of the halophyte Sesuvium verrucosum Raf. The young stem has several collateral vascular bundles arranged in a circle and separated by interfascicular zones. The secondary thickening begins with the differentiation of fascicular and interfascicular cambia which give rise to secondary xylem,phloem and l…
Thirty-one bacterial isolates out of 133 isolates, were obtained from rhizosphere of Egyptian clover plants, and had variant capability for starch degradation on starch agar medium. The isolate E109 was the most potent being 72.5 U ml1 and 2.5 for amylase activity and starch hydrolysis ratio (SHR), respectively, at 50 C. The potent isolate E109 was identified based on phenotypic characteristi…
tThis study presents the establishment of an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system in thetropical open waters of southern Cebu, Philippines using a combination of locally available species,namely donkey’s ear abalone (Haliotis asinina) as fed species and seaweeds (Gracilaria heteroclada andEucheuma denticulatum) as inorganic extractive species. The culture of Caulerpa lentillifer…
Our previous work on the mechanism of virulence for the unique isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus thatcause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (VPAHPND)revealed that it was mediated by a binary Pir-liketoxin pair ToxA and ToxB. These toxins are located on the pVA plasmid, a plasmid carried by AHPND-causing strain of V. parahaemolyticus with a size of approximately 69 kbp. Using the coding…
tThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of tilapia cage culture on the water quality and sedimentof Palminhas Lake during both the dry and rainy seasons. Eight sites within the lake (four in fish farmsand four in areas without fish farms) and one site on an affluent stream were sampled monthly fromFebruary 2011 to January 2012. Dissolved oxygen and pH were significantly lower at fish f…
tThe practice of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming is widespread in coastal Bangladesh due tofavorable biophysical resources. However, export-oriented prawn farming is particularly vulnerable toclimate change in coastal Bangladesh. This study identified different climatic variables, including salinity,coastal flooding, cyclone, sea-level rise, water temperature, drought, and rainfall ha…
The genetic differences between the blue clawmale(BC),orange clawmale(OC)andsmallmale(SM)morphotypes of male fresh water prawns were assessedu singmi crosatellite DNA markers.Thirtyindi-viduals from eachof the three groups of male prawns were collected from a hatchery rearing systemin Port Dickson,NegeriSembilan,Malaysia.Significant differences in growth were observed between the three groups.T…
tAnhydrobiosis is an adaptive strategy of certain organisms or specialised propagules to survive in theabsence of water while programmed cell death (PCD) is a finely tuned cellular process of the selectiveelimination of targeted cell during developmental programme and perturbed biotic and abiotic condi-tions. Particularly during water stress both the strategies serve single purpose i.e., surviv…
Numerous comparative genome analyses have revealed the wide extent of horizontal gene transfer (HGT)in living organisms, which contributes to their evolution and genetic diversity. Viruses play importantroles in HGT. Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are defined as viral DNA sequences present within thegenomes of non-viral organisms. In eukaryotic cells, the majority of EVEs are derived from RNA…
The maize mutant gene Vestigial glume 1 (Vg1) has been fine-mapped to a narrow region by ap-based cloning and the candidate gene for Vg1 spanned 19.5 kb. Here we report Vg1 genomic fosmid library construction and screening. The fosmid library of Vg1 consisted of 574,000 clones with an average insert size of 36.4 kb, representing 7.9-fold coverage of themaize genome. Fosmid stability assays indi…
The study estimated genetic gain for yield and other traits in winter wheat released for irrigated environments in Turkey from 1963 to 2004. Yield trials including 14 varieties were grown in 16 environments from 2008 to 2012 in provinces of Konya, Eskişehir, Ankara, and Edirne. The highest yields were achieved by recent varieties Kinaci-97 (5.48 t ha−1), Cetinel-2000 (5.39 t ha−1), Alpu-20…
The phenotypic diversity of 274 Ethiopian durum wheat accessions was analyzed, taking their geographic origins into account. The aim was to assess the extent and patterns of agronomically important phenotypic variation across districts of origin and altitude classes for major qualitative traits using diversity index and multivariate methods. Eight qualitative and three quantitative traits were …
Considerable the amounts of Wader (Rasbora jacobsoni) are abundant in Indonesia for all year and also have a low economic value. By using Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) protease, production of wader protein hydrolysate (WPH) as food ingredients and industrial product may be possible. Hydrolysis condition was proposed depend on the effects of the time (t) (0, 1.5, and 3 hours),and enzyme concentra…
SUMMARY 1. Stream ecosystem health monitoring and reporting need to be developed in the context of an adaptive process that is clearly linked to identified values and objectives, is informed by rigorous science, guides management actions and is responsive to changing perceptions and values of stakeholders. To be effective, monitoring programmes also need to be underpinned by an understanding…
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test whether calmodulin-like protein (CLP) is expressed in normal human oral mucosal cells and if downregulation of CLP occurs in malignant transformation. Materials and Methods: Oral mucosal tissue was taken from three individuals in a double-blind manner. The samples were cut, measured, and homogenized. Total RNA was extracted and reverse …
Abstract Introduction: Chronic pain results in significant personal, societal and economic burden. Doctors and nurses have a pivotal role in patient pain management. In order to determine the effectiveness of current pain education on knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of medical and nursing students, there needs to be a valid measure to assess and quantify these domains. We reviewed the lit…
Abstract: Objective: Observational studies using routinely collected data indicate that pain management programmes (PMPs) based on cognitive-behavioural principles are associated with clinically meaningful improvements for individuals with chronic pain. This study evaluated change across functional measures in a sample of chronic pain patients attending a 4-week residential PMP between 2006 a…
Abstract: Background: Treatment for head and neck cancer can frequently be a painful experience with implications for patients in terms of quality of life, nutrition and ultimately treatment outcomes. Pain may arise for a number of reasons in this patient group including the influence of localised tissue damage from radiotherapy, the effects of chemotherapeutic agents as well as the disease pr…
The sugarcane varieties with tolerance to flooding stress are not available in Indonesia. Therefore, this research was aimed to the development of flooding tolerant sugarcane. The research was conducted using Split Plot Design that consists of 2 factors with 3 replications. The main plot was 12 varieties of sugarcane. The sub plot was the level of flooding stress. After flooding treatment,the t…
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a brief psychologically informed physiotherapy training (PIPT) course on physiotherapists’ attitudes and beliefs towards working with people with chronic pain. Specifically, the training aimed to help the participants better recognise the role of psychosocial factors in chronic pain and to better target the key processes of the psycholo…
In the Mediterranean area the solar heat gain in buildings needs to be controlled during the warm seasons in order to keep the internal temperature at comfortable levels and to mitigate the phenomenon of urban warming, known as Urban Heat Island. This phenomenon contributes to increase the outdoor pollutants concentration and the energy demand for air conditioning. Indoor microclimate condition…
Abstract Background: Recent developments in pain rehabilitation emphasise the importance of promoting psychological flexibility. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one approach that has been shown to be effective for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain. However, studies have shown that introducing innovative approaches such as ACT into established health care can cause some a…
Abstract: Background: Musculoskeletal pain in the distal upper limb is relatively common, can be a cause of disability, presents a high cost to society and is clinically important. Previous reviews of prognostic factorshave focused on pain in the proximal upper limb, whole upper extremity or isolated regions of the distal upper limb. Aim: To identify factors that predict outcome of distal upp…
Abstract: Context/Background: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a physically and psychologically debilitating condition. European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines (2013) and Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) guidelines (2012) place strong emphasis upon multi-speciality assessment and liaison, as well as interdisciplinary assessment and intervention in reference to the …
Abstract Background: Researchers need to consider the impact and utility of their findings. Film is an accessible medium for qualitative research findings and can facilitate learning through emotional engagement. Aim: We aimed to explore the usefulness of a short film presenting findings from a published qualitative synthesis of adults’ experience of chronic musculoskeletal pain for pain ed…
Abstract: The present study aimed to explore how prescription of opioid medication for chronic non-malignant pain (CNMP) is managed in primary care. We used audit as a research tool, and one general practitioner (GP) practice in West London acted as an exemplar. Of the practice population with CNMP, 1% had repeat prescription of at least 12 months duration for opioid analgesics at the time of …
Abstract: Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a qualitative approach which aims to provide detailed examinations of personal lived experience. It produces an account of lived experience in its own terms rather than one prescribed by pre-existing theoretical preconceptions and it recognises that this is an interpretative endeavour as humans are sense-making organisms. It is explic…
Abstract: Objective: The long-term prognosis of patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is unknown with no reported prospective studies from the United Kingdom longer than 18 months. The CRPS-UK Network aims to study this by use of a Registry. The aims of this article are, to outline the CRPS-UK Registry, assess the validity of the data and to describe the characteristics of a samp…
Abstract: This article outlines what a qualitative systematic review is and explores what it can contribute to our understanding of pain. Many of us use evidence of effectiveness for various interventions when working with people in pain. A good systematic review can be invaluable in bringing together research evidence to help inform our practice and help us understand what works. In addition …
Abstract: Background: The model of activity avoidance prompted by fear of increased pain and/or harm dominates understanding and research into activity limitation in chronic pain. Yet, the accounts of people with chronic pain on decisions about activity limitation are rarely heard beyond the confines of fear and avoidance questionnaires. Methods: We used semi-structured interviews to explore …
Abstract: Introduction: Effective pain relief is important after arthroscopic knee surgery to permit initiation of daily activities of life. This study is performed in order to investigate the effect of multi-model therapy for pain control after surgery. This clinical, randomized and double-blind trial is conducted on patients who get knee arthroscopy surgery. Methods: Of these patients, 40 w…
Objectives. Chronic low back pain is a major health problem and one where pain, physical impairment and biological pathology are only very loosely correlated). It is considered that the experience of pain, its distress and disability is mediated by its meaning to the sufferer. The intention of this study was to explore the sufferers’ personal experience of their pain. Design. Qualitative…
Abstract: Qualitative methods provide us with techniques to access the pain experience of patients in ways that provide explanation for apparent contradictions and idiosyncrasies that are difficult to access. In this article, I review three such strategies and the application of qualitative research to practice: (1) the analysis of the ways participants speak about agonizing pain using narrati…
Abstract: This article briefly introduces and discusses the value of ethnographic research, particularly research hailing from the discipline of social and cultural anthropology. After an introduction to ethnography in general, key ethnographic studies of pain are described. These show that ethnography provides a set of techniques for data collection and analysis, as well as a way of thinking …
Abstract Background: Epidural analgesia has been the reference standard for the provision of post-operative pain relief in patients recovering from major upper abdominal operations, including liver resections. However, a failure rate of 20–32% has been reported. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the success rates of epidural analgesia and the outcome in patients who underwent liver …
Abstract: Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is significant global health issue, accounting for a substantial increase in prescription analgesics worldwide, in recent decades. This clinical burden is evident in the UK prison population, where the prevalence of CNCP has never previously been determined. This study, conductedin June/July 2013, used prescribing data and a systematic review of clinica…
Abstract: Chronic pain is common and difficult for patients to communicate to health professionals. It may include neuropathic elements which require specialised treatment. A little used approach to communicating the quality of pain is through the use of images. This study aimed to test the ability of a set of 12 images depicting different sensory pain qualities to successfully communicate tho…
Abstract: Background: All deployed British Army personnel carry intramuscular (IM) morphine auto-injectors to treat battlefield casualties. No other nation supplies parenteral opiate analgesia on individual issue. Studies highlight this agent’s inefficacy and safety issues, but are limited by a relative lack of inclusion of frontline personnel. We aimed to determine the opinions of frontlin…
Abstract: Background: This study replicates a previous postal survey of general practitioners (GPs) to explore whether attitudes to opioid prescribing have changed at a time when the number of opioid prescriptions issued in primary care has increased. Methods: With permission, a 57-item survey instrument previously utilised with GPs in the South-west of England was circulated to 214 GPs in ci…
Abstract: Patient experience is acknowledged as a key quality metric of healthcare quality and can be used to identify problems with healthcare delivery, to drive quality improvements and to inform commissioning of services that promote patient choice. In this article, the contribution of qualitative research studies to inform the redesign and patient-focussed commissioning of services is con…
Abstract: Background: Previous studies indicated that patients from Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) groups tend to receive less analgesics compared to Caucasian (White) patients after similar surgical procedures. Most such data originated from North America and suggested that health-care professionals may perceive the expression of excessive pain by BAME patient groups as an exaggerate…
Summary points: 1. This article introduces a rationale for a solution-focused approach to a community-based pain management programme (PMP), describing delivery and preliminary outcome data. 2. It suggests PMPs can be feasibly run in the community without necessity for hospital care setting. 3. A community setting is also advantageous in that it allows maintenance of social networks and clo…
Abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that the experience of injustice in patients with chronic pain is associated with poorer pain-related outcomes. Despite this evidence, a theoretical framework to understand this relationship is presently lacking. This review is the first to propose that the psychological flexibility model underlying Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) may provide a …
Abstract: The vast majority of cancer patients will experience pain during the course of their illness. Thankfully, in most instances, the consistent application of analgesic guidelines, tailored to the unique needs of each individual patient, will deliver a satisfactory outcome. These guidelines recommend the skilled use of analgesic medications, often in conjunction with a range of adjuvant …
Abstract: Objective: Many people are convinced that lunar phases influence their lives – despite the fact that a lot of studies have shown that this belief is wrong. In this article, we investigate the effect of lunar phases on acute post-surgical pain and on treatment-related side effects. We hypothesize that there is no influence. Methods: The data for the study were collected in 2010 and…
Abstract: Chronic pain is a long-term condition, which has a major impact on patients, carers and the health service. Despite the Chief Medical Officer setting chronic pain and its management as a national priority in 2008, the utilisation of health services by patients with long-term conditions is increasing, people with pain-related problems are not seen early enough and pain-related attend…
Abstract: There is good evidence to suggest that a proactive stratified approach to management of spinal pain, taking into account psychosocial as well as biological factors, can realise significant savings for healthcare systems and perhaps more importantly, health benefits for society at large. This audit cycle report captures data on quality of care and patient flows before and after the ma…
Abstract: Background: In 2011, the Sheffield Primary Care Trust piloted a Health Trainer (HT) programme targeted specifically to people with chronic pain. The programme aimed to determine whether patients presenting to primary care with chronic pain would benefit from self-management support, thereby reducing the burden on primary care and secondary care services. Methods: We conducted a form…