Building a democratic society:exploring Singapore students’understandings o…

Purpose – One would not commonly associate democracy with Singapore, instead scholars have often described Singapore as an illiberal democracy and an authoritarian state. At the same time,all Singaporean school students recite the national pledge of allegiance in school every morning,in which they pledge “to build a democratic society based on justice and equality”.What do students know a…

Analytical protocols for the determination of sulphur compounds characteristi…

a b s t r a c t Chlorobium limicola belongs to the green sulphur bacteria that has a potential for technological applications such as biogas clean up oxidising hydrogen sulphide to elemental sulphur through photosynthetic process. In the present work, analytical methods are described for the determination of different sulphur species in C. limicola cultures – sulphide by GC-FPD, sulphate by …

The genealogical analysis of the HKSAR’s civic education policy

Purpose – Civic education in Hong Kong is quite confusing nowadays. To understand the policy, it should be placed into the reality of its historical context. In addition, to read through the documentary presentation of policy, the policy’s proposal and its initiation should be understood with an understanding of contextual progress and historical change following the handover of sovereignty…

Global citizenship education and Hong Kong’s secondary school curriculum gu…

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the major development of global citizenship education (GCE) as part of Hong Kong’s secondary school curriculum guidelines, which reveals how it has developed from, first, asking students to understand their responsibilities as citizens to now challenging injustice and inequality in the world. Hong Kong’s curriculum guidelines started to te…

Direct electron transfer biosensor for hydrogen peroxide carrying nanocomplex…

a b s t r a c t: A reagentless electrochemical biosensor for hydrogen peroxide was fabricated. The sensor carries a monolayer of nanocomplex composed of horseradish peroxidase and Au-nanoparticle, and responds to hydrogen peroxide through the highly efficient direct electron transfer at a mild electrode potential without any soluble mediator. Formation of the nanocomplex was studied with visi…

Cross-platform detection of epigenetic modifications from extracted chromatin…

a b s t r a c t: Chromatin contains valuable epigenetic information comprising of bothDNAand post translational histone modifications. Traditionally, detection of epigenetic modifications on DNA and histone proteins requires different and elaborate preparation steps. In this study we report on a facile and unique approach for the simultaneous detection and quantification of epigenetic modifica…

Development and applications of spectrophotometric methods for quantitative d…

a b s t r a c t: This paper describes two simple and novel analytical methods by using spectrophotometric technique for the determination of caroverine a spasmolytic drug in pharmaceutical formulations. The first (A) is a direct method in which analysis of the pure drug was carried out at its kmax 304 nm in ethanol solvent. The method was linear from 0.5 to 18 lg/ml with correlation coefficien…

Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography method…

a b s t r a c t The therapeutic benefit of phosphorothioate oligod eoxynucleotides (PS-ODN) containing immune stimulatory sequences has been demonstrated in animal models of cancer and infection. Several tools are available for the determination of these oligonucleotides in biological samples and pharmaceutical preparations, including UV spectroscopy, dye binding, isotopic tracing, capillary g…

Stripping voltammetric detection of nephrotoxic drug cefitizoxime in wastewater

a b s t r a c t: The objective of the present work is to develop the stripping voltammetric method for determination of nephrotoxic drug cefitizoxime in pharmaceutical formulation and its application to wastewater analysis. Solubilized system of different surfactants viz. cationic, anionic and non-ionic influences the electrochemical response of cefitizoxime. Solubilized system of CTAB contain…

Gas sensing properties of indium–gallium–zinc–oxide gas sensors in diff…

a b s t r a c t: We have successfully observed the change in indium–gallium–zinc–oxide (IGZO) gas sensor sensitivity by controlling the light emitting diode (LED) power under the same gas concentrations. The light intensity dependence of sensor properties is discussed. Different LED intensities obviously affected the gas sensor sensitivity, which decays with increasing LED intensity. Hig…

Electrochemical generation of arsenic volatile species using a gold/mercury a…

a b s t r a c t The electrochemical generation of arsenic volatile species (arsine) using an Au/Hg amalgam cathode in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, is described. Results were compared with those obtained with other cathodes commonly used for generation of arsine. The effects of the electrolytic conditions and interferent ions have been studied. Results show that the Au/Hg cathode has better toleranc…

Detection of flutamide in pharmaceutical dosage using higher electrospray ion…

a b s t r a c t: Flutamide (2-methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-propanamide) is a non-steroidal drug that has a specific anti-androgenic activity so that it is used in the treatment of prostate cancer. A simple method for extraction and detection of flutamide from pharmaceutical forms are reported using Soxhlet apparatus combined electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ES…

Rotifers enriched with a mixed algal diet promote survival, growthand develop…

Fulfilling the nutritional requirements of marine fish larvae, including barramundi (Lates calcarifer),remains a bottleneck for optimal commercial hatchery production. This study investigated the effect ofmixed algal diets for the enrichment of rotifers on the survival, growth, development and stress resistanceof barramundi larvae. Four groups of 2–13 days-post-hatch (dph) barramundi larvae w…

The cloning of a heat shock protein 90 gene and expression analysisin Botia …

The objective of this study was to clone the full-length cDNA of Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) in Botiareevesae and to determine the effects of pathogenic bacterial challenge after acute sublethal ammoniaexposure on HSP90 expression. The HSP90 cDNA of B. reevesae contained 2358 bp, including a 1947 bpopen reading frame, a 36 bp 5-untranslated region (UTR), a 375 bp 3-UTR. Sequence compariso…

Investigation of cobalt porphyrin doped polymer membrane films for the optica…

a b s t r a c t: A cobalt(II) porphyrin was successfully incorporated into polymer membranes for the optical sensing of imidazole and its derivatives. This research has led to a better understanding of the behavior of Co(II) porphyrin in solution and in polymeric membranes. In aprotic dichloromethane (DCM), the Co(II) tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) and Co(II) octaethylporphyrin (CoOEP) show a se…

Identification and partial characterization of Olyra longicaudata(McClelland,…

This study aims at immunochemical characterization of plasma vitellogenin (VTG), development of anheterlogous VTG ELISA and to relate seasonal variation in plasma VTG and estradiol-17 (E2) levels withovarian growth (gonadosomatic index, GSI) in Olyra longicaudata (McClelland, 1842), a rare hill-streamcatfish endemic to North East India. On native PAGE, plasma from E2-injected male, vitellogeni…

The use of marine aquaculture solid waste for nursery production ofthe salt m…

Recent technological advances in marine shrimp and finfish aquaculture alleviate many of the envi-ronmental risks associated with traditional aquaculture, but challenges remain in cost-effective wastemanagement. Liquid effluent from freshwater aquaculture systems has been shown to be effective inagricultural crop production (i.e., aquaponics), but few studies have explored the potential for reu…

Live prey enrichment and artificial microdiets for larviculture ofAtlantic re…

In the first experiment the effects of rotifer enrichment and feeding frequency on larval performanceof red porgy Pagrus pagrus were studied. Larvae (2 days post-hatching = 2 dph) were fed s-type rotifers(∼20 rotifers/mL) enriched with one of the four different treatment media: Rotifer Diet (microalgae Nan-nochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii), DHA Protein Selco, Algamac 3000 (Schizochy…

Quantitative compositional analysis of heparin using exhaustive heparinase di…

a b s t r a c t Heparin is a linear sulfated polysaccharide widely used therapeutically as an anticoagulant. It is also the starting material for manufacturing low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH). Quality control of heparin and LMWH is critical to ensure the safety and therapeutic activity of the final product. However due to their complex and heterogeneous structure, orthogonal analytical te…

An improved extraction method of rapeseed oil sample preparation for the subs…

a b s t r a c t: The distribution of 19 azole class pesticides in hexane/aqueous–organic mixtures systems and rapeseed oil (or oil solution in hexane)/organic solvents has been studied at 20 ± 1 C. The distribution constants (P) and coefficients (D) between hydrocarbon and polar phase are calculated. It is found that all the studied pesticides are hydrophobic, i.e., in hexane–water syste…

Analysis for commonly prescribed non-sedating antihistamines

a b s t r a c t: A comprehensive review with 185 references for the analysis of commonly prescribed members of an important class of drugs, non-sedating antihistamines (NSAs), is presented. The review covers most of the methods described for the analysis of cetirizine (CTZ), ebastine (EBS), fexofenadine (FXD), ketotifen (KET) and loratadine (LOR) in pure forms, in different pharmaceutical dosa…

Screening of polychlorinated biphenyls in insulating oil using a microfluidic…

a b s t r a c t Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants in insulating oil of a large number of transformers. A rapid and economical analytical method to detect PCB contamination is still required. To address this issue, we propose here the first microfluidic screening method for PCB contamination in insulating oil. The insulating oil was pretreated using a multilayer…

Unambiguous evaluation of the relative photolysis rates of nitro indolinyl pr…

a b s t r a c t Nitrated indolinyl photoprotecting groups are crucial tools extensively used in the study of neuronal signal transduction. Mononitrated photolabile protecting groups have been used effectively, however, recent advances in the introduction of a second nitro group have shown improvement in the photo efficiency of neurotransmitter (agonist) release, albeit, to varying extents, dep…

A novel coated silver ketamine(I) electrode for potentiometric determination …

a b s t r a c t: A new ketamine coated silver electrode (KCSE) based on ketamine hydrochloride with sodium tetraphenylborate (KT-TPB) as electroactive material has been described. The influence of membrane composition,type of solvent mediators, kind of electroactive materials and interfering ions on the sensor was investigated.The sensor displays Nernstian response of 55.8 ± 0.3 mV/decade ove…

Spectrophotometric determination of iridium after complexation and membrane f…

a b s t r a c t: A simple, ultra sensitive and selective method for the spectrophotometric determination of Ir3+ in various synthetic and environmental samples was reported. The analyte ions were collected on a membrane filter in the form of their red complex with 5-(2-benzothiazolyl-azo)8-hydroxy-quinoline (BTAHQ), and the absorption spectra of the colored membrane filters were acquired. Effe…

Analysis of cave atmospheres by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatogra…

a b s t r a c t: In this paper, we describe a simple method for sampling, pre-concentrating, and separating volatile and semi-volatile components from two different cave atmospheres. Sampling is performed by capturing a volume of cave atmosphere in a Tedlar bag or Suma canister for sample storage and transport back to the laboratory. Loading a portion of the sample on a multi-bed sorption tr…

Mixture design analysis of solvent extractor effects on epicatechin, epigallo…

a b s t r a c t: This paper reports an RP-HPLC-UV-DAD study of the effects of four solvents and their mixtures on the extraction and antioxidant activities of three main catechins, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC) of Camellia sinensis L. leaves for two harvests. The extraction efficiency solvent was measured by the chromatographic peak areas. The re…

Validated HPTLC method for the simultaneous determination of alfuzosin, teraz…

a b s t r a c t Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting men and itincreases in both incidence and prevalence with age. This work presents a simple, sensitive and fast generic high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous determination of five drugs prescribed for the treatment of BPH. These drugs include the a1-a…

Effect of water temperature on sex ratio and growth rate of juvenilePelteobag…

In order to explore the effect of water temperature on sex ratio and growth rate, we reared the juvenilesof Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus vachelli and the hybrids from P. fulvidraco (♀) × P. vachelli (♂) at6 different water temperature conditions (20, 23, 26, 29, 32 and 34◦C) in this study. The results showedthe population of male and female fish at the ratio of 1:1 when the fish…

Levels of methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polybrominated diph…

a b s t r a c t: PBDEs are widely used brominated flame retardant, which are increasingly reported in the environment. MeO-PBDEs are structural analogs to PBDEs, and reported as natural products and novel pollutants present in the environment. Concentrations of thirteen PBDEs and eight MeO-PBDEs in a large number of commercial sales of hen eggs representing 15 different regions and household p…

Sample size matters in dietary gene expression studies—A case studyin the g…

One of the main concerns in gene expression studies is the calculation of statistical significance which inmost cases remains low due to limited sample size. Increasing biological replicates translates into moreeffective gains in power which, especially in nutritional experiments, is of great importance as individualvariation of growth performance parameters and feed conversion is high. The pre…

Identification of toxic cyclopeptides based on mass spectral library matching

Edisi

(2014), 1

ISBN/ISSN

Doi: 101016/j.ancr.2

Deskripsi Fisik

Analytical Chemistry Research 1 (2014), 8-15

Judul Seri

Analytical Chemistry Research

No. Panggil

-

Parameters affecting the determination of paraquat at silver rotating electro…

Edisi

(2014), 1

ISBN/ISSN

Doi: 101016/j.imic.2

Deskripsi Fisik

Analytical Chemistry Research 1 (2014), 16-21

Judul Seri

Analytical Chemistry Research

No. Panggil

-

Screening of children saliva samples for bisphenol A using stochastic, ampero…

Edisi

(2014), 1

ISBN/ISSN

Doi: 101016/j.ancr.2

Deskripsi Fisik

Analytical Chemistry Research 1 (2014), 1-7

Judul Seri

Analytical Chemistry

No. Panggil

-

Genetic characterization and relatedness of wild and farmed Eurasianperch (Pe…

Aquaculture of the Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis, in recirculating systems has emerged over the pastdecades to become a significant way of diversification for inland areas in Europe. The development of sucha production relies partly on the improvement of growth performance (i.e., reducing production costs),which requires suitable genetic management of broodstocks and the development of sele…

Evidence of vertical transmission and tissue tropism ofStreptococcosis from n…

Streptococcosis is a highly problematic disease in the aquaculture of freshwater fishes, especially fortilapia. The possibility of vertical transmission of streptococcosis and the pattern of tissue tropism of thispathogen in various organs was examined in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). Healthy broodstock withoutany clinical signs of Streptococcus spp. were selected from a farm earlier reported …

Impact of fishmeal replacement with Arthrospira platensis on growthperformanc…

In this study, we assessed the suitable level of replacement of fishmeal with a blue green microalga,Arthrospira platensis in feed for the post larvae (PL) of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergiiby evaluating the growth performance, prawn proximate composition, feed utilization parameters andthe activity of digestive enzymes. The prawns were fed 5 different diets: a control diet and …

Regulation of vitellogenesis by selected endocrine modulators in crabOziothel…

Using vitellogenin (Vtg) gene as a biomarker, the possible role of selected endocrine modulators(EMs) such as methyl farnesoate (MF), 17-hydroxy progesterone (17-OHP), biochanin-A, methio-nine enkephaline (ME) and arachidonic acid on female reproduction in crab Oziothelphusa senex senex(O. senex senex) was elucidated in this study. The injections were given on 1st and 7th day of experi-ment (…

An outbreak of myxozoan parasites in farmed freshwater fishColossoma macropom…

The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is a native fish species that is farmed most frequently and in thelargest quantities throughout Brazil. The high production of this species from fish farms has contributedto the occurrence of emerging parasites, which may compromise fish health and productivity. In a batchof 2500 tambaqui fry acquired for experimental farming procedures in Brazil, a mortality…

Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry

Everyone is becoming more environmentally conscious and therefore, chemical processes are being developed with their environmental burden in mind. Of course, this also means that more traditional chemical methods are being replaced with new innovations. This includes new solvents. Solvents are everywhere, but should they be? They are used in most areas including synthetic chemistry, anal…

Alkaloids: Chemistry, Biology, Ecology, and Applications

Recent progress in molecular biology leads to a better understanding of nature and natural life processes at the global and local scopes and opens new horizons for chemical and biological technology. Alkaloids, the subject of this book, are a group of very interesting and complex chemical and biological molecules having special tasks in the life machinery of our planet. They are also a good…

Immunological resilience of a freshwater Indian mollusc duringaestivation and…

Freshwater snail, Pila globosa is an edible mollusc which bears commercial and ethnomedicinal signifi-cance. During environmental aridity, P. globosa aestivates deep into the soil for four to five months. Wereport comparative analyses of immune associated parameters in the hemocytes and hemolymph of P.globosa during activity, experimental aestivation, arousal and starvation. Hemocyte is a major…

Evaluating contextual factors affecting the technical efficiency offreshwater…

The demand for animal protein, especially fish, is growing fast, perhaps due to the rapid expansion ofpopulations, increases in income and changes in eating habits and life styles. Capture fisheries, whichsupply over 70% of the fish for human consumption in Malaysia, are over-exploited or depleted. Theiryields have become stagnant over the last few decades and in some cases have even declined. …

Experimental induction of motile Aeromonas septicemia in channelcatfish (Icta…

Motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS), caused by virulent clonal isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh), isemerging as a major disease in catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture in the Southeastern United States.Predisposing conditions leading to vAh infection in catfish were however largely unknown. The objectiveof this study was to investigate factors that predispose catfish to vAh infection an…

Parental contribution and growth hormone gene polymorphismassociated with gro…

Red sea bream is one of the most important aquaculture fish species in Japan. To improve the productivityof this fish during seed production, improved growth traits and reduced size variation are needed. In thisstudy, we assessed parental contribution of fast- and slow-growing individuals observed in two differentrearing phases in a mass production lot: (1) 50 dph reared in a tank and (2) 200 d…

Effect of ingestion and waterborne routes under different shrimpdensities on …

A study was undertaken to evaluate some factors that are important for better management of the whitespot syndrome virus (WSSV). We examined the likelihood of that the mud crab (Scylla serrata) is a poten-tial carrier of WSSV in shrimp farms and then compared susceptibility of three shrimp species to WSSV,and finally tested the effects of shrimp stocking density and transmission routes on the i…

The effect of temperature on the embryonic development ofbarramundi, the Aust…

Lates calcarifer (barramundi or Asian seabass) has been farmed since the 1970s, yet despite its widespreadculture little has been documented on the species’ embryonic development and particularly how devel-opment relates to temperature. This is particularly the case for the Australian L. calcarifer genetic strain.Accordingly, embryonic development of fertilised barramundi eggs incubated at 26…

Growth rate analysis and protein identification of Kappaphycusalvarezii (Rhod…

Environmental pH is one of the factors contributing to abiotic stress which in turn influences the growthand development of macroalgae. This study was conducted in order to assess the growth and physio-logical changes in Kappaphycus alvarezii under different pH conditions: pHs 6, ∼8.4 (control) and 9. K.alvarezii explants exhibited a difference in the daily growth rate (DGR) among the differe…

A crustin isoform from black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon exhibitsbroad spec…

Crustaceans have a powerful non-specific immune mechanism that responds to pathogen invasion andtogether with cellular responses, generates powerful humoral factors such as antimicrobial peptides.Crustins are a diverse class of antimicrobial peptides that are expressed by the circulating haemocytesof crustaceans. Several isoforms of this molecule are reported and in this study, one isoform from…

Secondary stress responses of zebrafish to different pH: Evaluation ina seaso…

Stress is one of the most critical factors in fish health. The response to stress in fish is characterized bythe stimulation of the hypothalamus, which results in the activation of the neuroendocrine system anda subsequent cascade of metabolic and physiological changes. The present paper deals with the stressresponses of water pH on certain biochemical indices and hematological parameters of ze…